Gaucher Disease A Rarity in Three Types Essay examples

Gaucher Disease: A Rarity in Three Types Ethnicity can provide individuals with wonderful traditions and celebrations of ones heritage. However, for some Ashkenazi Jews, ethnicity brings them much more than they bargained for: a rare condition causing a wide array of liver, lung, spleen, bone and bone problems. Ethnicity brings them Type I Gaucher Disease. Type II and Type III are the two other forms of this rare genetic condition, and can occur at equal frequencies in all ethnic groups. Gaucher disease was first described in 1882 by Doctor Philippe Charles Ernest Gaucher from France (2) . Type I , the most frequently seen form of the disease, can affect people of multiple ethnic backgrounds. However, its prevalence is greatest†¦show more content†¦(2) . Each of the three types of Gaucher Disease affect many systems of the body. Type I of the disease, which is the most mild form and is most frequently seen, is the only form of Gaucher which does not affect the nervous system. Typically, the average age of onset for Type I Gaucher is 21 years (6) . Approximately 1 in 10 Ashkenazi Jews is heterozygous for type I. Although the condition is non-neuronopathic, patients can exhibit a wide array of symptoms ranging from increased spleen and liver volume, lung compression, a variety of bone problems including lesions, bone tissue death and pain, and anemia and easy bruising. Individuals with Type I Gaucher Disease typically have a life span of 6 to 80 years (5) . Within families, the severity of Type I of the condition varies immensely, thereby making it impossible to determine which family members will suffer from the most severe symptoms. Gaucher Disease is different from most other autosomal recessive conditions in that one of the nonfunc tional glucocerebrosidase genes (which are characteristic of Gaucher Disease) is passed o1n to each of the patients offspring, causing them all to be carriers. Among Ashkenazi Jews, it has been presumed that around 1 in 450 Ashkenazi Jews has two mutated copies of the glucocerebrosidase gene (4) . While Type I Gaucher is by far the most common form of the disease, Type II is excessively rare; among newborns, less than 1 in 100,000 have Type

The Effects Of Stigma Surrounding Mental Illness - 1658 Words

Mental illness is a controversial topic in recent news. From Sandy Hook to the Aurora movie theatre shooting, the effects of mental illness have sparked fierce debate and negative stigma surrounding the issue. Mental illnesses, â€Å"patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that are deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional† (Myers 562), affect 1 in 4 people at some point in their lives (Stigma and Discrimination). However, only 59.6% of people with mental illness report receiving treatment, as they are often perceived as â€Å"dangerous, unpredictable, responsible for their illness, or generally incompetent† (Corrigan, Druss, and Perlick). As a result, an entire group of citizens is discriminated against for a condition beyond their control. With so much riding on the issue, a question needs to be addressed: to what extent does stigma surrounding mental illness affect the treatment of patients in healthcare and society? To explore the effects of stigma surrounding me ntal illness, it is essential to understand the issue through historical, sociocultural, economic, and scientific lenses. Before examining the stigma around mental illness, it is vital to understand the science behind mental disorders. Everything originates at the building block of the nervous system: the neuron. â€Å"Brain Basics† is a public awareness initiative by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. According to â€Å"Brain Basics†, neurons areShow MoreRelatedThe Stigma Of Mental Illness1602 Words   |  7 Pagescenturies have seeked to improve care and reduce stigma around those with mental illness. This began in 1942, when Harry Truman signed the National Mental Health Act, which requested the formation of a National Institute of Mental Health. Shortly after this, in 1949, the National Institute of Mental Health was established (â€Å"National Institute of Mental Health†). During the company’s 60 year lifespan they have focused on research about mental illness, educating the public, and improving the lives ofRead MoreMental Illness And Its Stigma1363 Words   |  6 PagesMental Illness and Its Stigma â€Å"One in five adults in America experience mental illness,† (Mental Health, n.d., para 1). Many people define mental illness as a characteristic that makes one irrational or delusional and derives a belief that those who have mental disorders are not suffering from a real disease, resulting in a negative view of those who suffer. There are three ways to defy this stigma that everyone, from media producers to the sufferers themselves, must participate in to break downRead MoreIntroduction.... â€Å"If Mental Illness Could Be Seen On A1255 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction... â€Å"If mental illness could be seen on a sufferer maybe society wouldn’t say ‘just get over it’ .† Mental illness unlike other diseases or disorders are, for the most part invisible. They are not easily recognised. These instances of being told to â€Å"just get over it† or â€Å"just calm down† or â€Å"It’s all in your head† are direct evidence of the stigma of having mental illness present in some cultures. A mental illness is in fact in your head, but your head is connected to body, they areRead MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Health Care Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesMental health issues have been an ongoing hot topic in this country for over a century. Though many strides have been made to increase awareness and lessen the stigma, there continues to be a barrier to mental health care, especially for our nations’ youth and young adults. I will be discussing the history behind mental health care, current policies regard ing it, how the presence of stigma reduces the likelihood that youth and young adults are receiving the adequate mental health care they requireRead MoreEffects Of Stigma Toward Mental Illnesses1711 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Mental illness is one of the most stigmatized medical conditions in society. People diagnosed with mental illnesses experience a difficult social life, where most of the community members harbor prejudicial attitudes toward them. Undoubtedly, having a mental illness profoundly affects how an individual interacts with the rest of the community in various issues. More often than not, the social consequences of mental disorders are negative since persons with the illness are naturallyRead MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Illness1212 Words   |  5 Pagesexperiencing symptoms of mental illness. Patients suffering a physiological illness rarely hear these words, but they have begun to sound like a broken record to the mentally ill. Everyone sympathizes with the stomach, the liver, the eye, and many other organs in the body when they begin to malfunction, but no one sympathizes with the brain. It is unimaginable and almost abominable for the brain to get sick. Mental illness is probably the most misconstrued and trivialized illness, and this misconceptionRead MoreMental Disorders And Its Effects On The Lives Of People With Serious Mental Illness923 Words   |  4 Pagesdisease from which they suffer, but also by stigmas, treatments they received, and the conditions of the facilities they were in. Mental disorders were hard enough to deal with, but throw in the surrounding stigmas, and the situation only gets worse. According to a study carried out by a group of doctors â€Å"Stigmas associated with mental illness have malignant effects on the lives of people with serious mental illness†(Corrigon). Having a mental illness had been frowned upon for decades. Nobody fullyRead MoreTreatment And Commitment Therapy For Mental Illness Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesA large problem in society is the stigmas currently being placed on mental illness. In the last 25 years, there have sadly been no signs of the end of stigmatization towards mental illness (Schomerus et al., 2016, p. 21). It is perplexing as to why these stigmas even exist as societal misconceptions because approximately 26.4% of the American population has been diagnosed with a mental illness (Kenny Bizumic, 2016, p. 178). However, the majority of people are either failing to acknowledge or ignorantRead MoreMen tal Illness1511 Words   |  7 Pageshave all had some subjection to mental illness, yet do we truly comprehend it or know what mental illness is? Are we able to grasp how it effects an individual, and how it arises to begin with? â€Å"A mental illness can be defined as a health condition that changes a persons thinking, feelings, or behavior (or all three) and that causes the person distress and difficulty in functioning† (Defining Mental Illness, 1970). Likewise, with numerous illnesses, mental illness is extreme at times and subduedRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Mental Health Stigma1680 Words   |  7 Pagesregard to mental health stigma. While the media has been a major contributor to the negative attitudes surrounding mental illness, it has recently evolved to become one of the most effective means of ameliorating stigma. However, the media needs to continue to improve in order to promote a healthy environment for people with mental illness. Before narrowing our focus on the media, we must clarify the terms mental illness and stigma. According to the National Alliance on Mental Health, a mental illness

Hello Walmart Free Essays

Hello, Wal-Mart? Ashford University BUS644 Operation Management Dr. Ronald Beach November 26, 2011 Hello, Wal-Mart? It is very common for everyone that lives in a small town to get all their groceries at Wal-Mart. During the last 50 years of creation, from a small town on Arkansas, Wal-Mart became the biggest retail company of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Hello Walmart or any similar topic only for you Order Now At this time, this company is one of the major employers of the world and has more than 4,000 stores just in America. It is very difficult for a small business to compete with this company. Now before going forward, it is very important to understand how Wal-Mart operates. The main strategy of their operation is getting the cheaper supplies and sells their products a very low price to the customers. Another of their strategies is to centralize all kinds of products in one store. The key element for this business is to analyze the market considerations when they open a new location. There are tools to help companies to find out the best location. For example, according to Stevenson (2011, P. 48), â€Å"Geographic Information Systems is a computer based tool for collecting, storing, retrieving, and displaying demographic data on maps†. Now that we know this, let’s analyze the following disadvantages of opening a new Wal-Mart in a small town. Disadvantages for owners of small business located nearby are several. Let’s start by mentioning that small towns are surrounded by and full of small business that support the local economy and employ the local po pulation. With the presence of Wal-Mart, small businesses that offer similar products will be obligated to reduce their price to the minimum in order to compete with the big retail company. According to Dartmouth College, in 2009, they conducted a study that indicates the â€Å"the impact a Wal-Mart store has on a local business is correlated to its distance from that store. The leader of that study admits that this factor is stronger in smaller towns†. Wal-Mart is using what people call predatory pricing. Wal-Mart buys products from cheaper suppliers; this issue hurts the local suppliers and local economy. Small businesses will be obligated to reduce their price to the minimum if they want to compete. All the money that small businesses will generate goes to local banks and stays in the community; in the case of Wal-Mart, this money goes to the main banks in other towns or cities, and the bottom line is this money does not stay in the area. According to the Institute of Local Self Reliance as Wal-Mart expanded small business retails dropped more than 39% and many small businesses are now closed. Let’s imagine this town a few years later with all these small business closed and for any reason Wal-Mart has to leave the town. The consequences will be catastrophic. Another point to take in consideration is the possibility that Wal-Mart is doing a monopoly of the sales in the small towns. With their aggressive campaign of reducing prices to the lowest minimum, and disappearing small businesses, they are obligating the consumers to only go to Wal-Mart for their needs. The disadvantages from the town residents and the residents of nearby towns are also several. Let’s start to mention the impact of a new Wal-Mart store in the life of these residents. Earlier it was mentioned how small business were, in many times, obligated to close. These issues have a direct impact in the life of the residents, since these small businesses contract local people. People are forced to, in many cases, to leave the town because they cannot afford the costs of living. Wal-Mart only can hire a smaller group of people than many small businesses together. After all, the only place to work will be at Wal-Mart and without a competitor they will mandate the wage pay and the benefits of their employees. When small businesses are closed they destroy the moral and the way of life of the community. When these businesses close, residents will lose their livelihood. Many of these new Wal-Mart stores get the land at very cheap price; they bring with them traffic, delinquency, and a big reduction of price in the land of the residents surrounding these stores; all this translate as a big reduction of taxes that these small tows will receive. According to the Institute of Local Self Reliance â€Å"many studies have found that when locally owned business are displaced by Wal-Mart, the participation and voter turnout falls, the number of active nonprofit organizations drop and residents are less likely to know and interact with their neighbors†. Now after hearing all the arguments of these two groups, it is time for Wal-Mart representative to respond to all these allegations and propose some of the advantages to open a new store in a small town. The first thing to analyze is that where ever a Walmart is, residents of that town and nearby towns are finding a big reduction in the cost of their products. Another of the good things that Wal-Mart will bring to the town is a good market ideas and competition. Owners that bring good ideas can benefit of the presence of a big store like Wal-Mart. There is a main factor here, with an economy like the present, a store like Wal-Mart will bring to the town lower prices for the customers, a reduction of transportation, and an increase of jobs for the community. When we talk about transportation, it means to drive less to find all the products in the same place. When we talk about jobs, it means new jobs for the residents close to the store. One of the more important arguments to favor Wal-Mart is the support of the community through programs by their customers. References Stevenson, W. J. (2011). Operation management (11th ed). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Retrieved from http://www. ilsr. org Retrieved from http://articles. chicagotribune. com/2010-07-04/business/ct-biz-0704-soda-wars-20100703_1_chicago-wal-mart-costco-and-wal-mart-pricing How to cite Hello Walmart, Essay examples

Huckleberry Finn (1559 words) Essay Example For Students

Huckleberry Finn (1559 words) Essay Huckleberry FinnMark TwainThe esteemed, American author, Samuel L. Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, was born in Florida, Missouri in 1835 and passed away on April 21, 1910. In 1864 Samuel Clemens adopted the pen name â€Å"Mark Twain,† which is a river pilot’s phrase that means two fathoms deep. When Mark was younger he loved to travel, indulging an irrepressible spirit of adventure. Plumbing his exciting life experiences, Mark Twain created the characters and plots of books which have become classic American Novels. The Adventure of Huckleberry FinnIn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain tells the story of an adolescent boy travelling down the Mississippi River with a runaway slave. Huck has staged his death in order to escape his abusive, drunken father and hooks up with his foster mother’s escaped slave. During the adventurous journey Huck discovers many problems with society and civilization as he encounters a variety of individuals, each of whom represent a different problem with the current social order. The pair gets caught up in various ordeals involving the people they encounter. The running theme throughout the book is Huck Finn’s continuing struggle with his conscience concerning his relationship with the runaway slave, Jim, who has grown to be his friend and parent figure. The plot of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn involves the adventures of Huck and Jim who are on the run. Huck is escaping his drunkard father and Jim is avoiding his proposed sale. Together they are rafting down the Mississippi River, away from civilization and society. Huck has just recently come under the care of his Christian foster mother, the Widow Douglas, who is working to undo his sinful ways and train him in a religious lifestyle. Now, as Huck grows in friendship with the black slave Jim, and they become mutual companions and guardians, he is faced with a moral dilemma. Should he betray Jim’s trust by turning him in to his rightful and legal owner or must he follow his gut feeling that he must help Jim to achieve his personal goal to acquire his freedom, even if this illegal cooperation and stealing of people’s property sentences Huck to an eternity in Hell. Huck thinks to himself, â€Å"I begun to get it through my head that he was most free and who was to blame for it? Why me. †¦. What had poor Miss Watson done to you†¦ that you could treat her so mean?† Huck is filled with guilt and loses sleep over worrying about what he has done. Huck has an opportunity in Chapter XVI to turn Jim in to a bounty hunter but he cannot go through with it and rather saves Jim by lying to the man to keep him at bay. Later, in chapter XXXI, Huck decides to write a letter to Miss Watson, divulging the whereabouts of her slave and even informing her that he, Huck, is not really dead. Although the process of writing the letter makes Huck feels cleansed of sin, he realizes that Jim, being a good person and a true friend, deserves Huck’s loyalty. The moral decision is to help Jim to freedom, even if it means committing sin. â€Å" I was a trembling, because I’d got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: ‘All right, then, I’ll g o to hell’ † . From here on, Huck settles his struggle with his conscience. The narrator and protagonist of the novel is Huckleberry Finn. It is evident that during the course of the book Huck matures greatly. At the start of the book he is a juvenile delinquent who likes to hang out with his fellow mischievous friends, especially Tom Sawyer. He is wild and carefree, playing jokes on people and believing all his pranks to be hilarious. Huck has recently moved in with his foster mother, the Widow Douglas, who is instrumental in his partial reformation. Under her care Huck is learning good manners and Christian teachings. Formal schooling is making Huck literate. Although Huck is growing accustomed to his new environment, he still strains against its restrictions. When Huck’s drunken father returns to kidnap Huck and plot to steal his money, Huck is forced to abandon his new family and society by staging his own death and escaping to Jackson’s Island and eventually down river. When his adventures grow to involve moral questions never before raise d, he is forced to confront his feelings and contemplate his thoughts in order to formulate personally held views of right and wrong. Huck grows to reject the values that society has tried to instil in him. Throughout the course of the novel Huck matures as he meets a variety of people and lives a variety of adventures. He learns how to deal with people and situations and comes to his own understandings. The person who most helps Huck to mature is Jim. At the opening of the book Huck sees Jim as only a lowly slave who possesses no sense or intelligence. However, Huck only thinks this way because this is what society believes and what it teaches its adherents. As Huck gets to know Jim better, he realizes that Jim is more than the stereotypical slave and feelings of friendship and loyalty grow. Huck feels that it is his civil and Christian duty to return Jim to his owner. Concurrently he realizes that Jim is an equal, a friend, and a decent human being. In the end, Huck’s perso nal values overrule those of larger society. Huck accepts that, living within the parameters of Christian society, he will be punished in the after-life for helping Jim to freedom. Nevertheless, it is a price he is ready to pay in order to do what is, to his understanding, the right thing. Even though Huck still plays jokes on people, he feels guilty about playing with their minds. For example, when Huck gets separated from Jim in the fog, Huck tells Jim he dreamt the whole horrible incident, and that Huck was there beside him the whole time. Once the truth comes out, Jim responds by saying, â€Å" En all you wuz thinkin’ ‘bout wuz how you could make a fool uv ole Jim wid a lie. Dat ruck dah is trash; en trash is what people is dat puts dirt on de head er dey fren’s en makes ‘em ashamed.† Huck feels so ashamed that he humbles himself and apologizes to Jim, an unheard of behaviour towards a black slave. Still Huck says, â€Å"But I done it, and I war n’t ever sorry for it afterwards, neither.† Jim helps Huck to learn decent values and human trust. The Duke and the King make Huck realize that a life of thievery and con-artistry hurts other people. At the beginning of the novel, Huck is excited at the prospect of stealing money from people, although these antics are wholly in the imagination of Tom Sawyer. However, when the Duke and the King try to steal the inheritance from the Wilk girls, Huck feels so guilty that he helps the girls to keep their money. From Huck’s short stay at the Grangefords’, he learns the strong emotions of hate, love, and sorrow. He also learns through the death of Buck, a boy his own age, that life is fragile and feuds and vengeance are terrible things. All the people and adventures that Huck encounters, help him to become the mature and responsible young man he is at the end of the book. .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 , .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .postImageUrl , .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 , .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:hover , .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:visited , .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:active { border:0!important; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:active , .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723 .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uccc9869f9f2054f9ccdeb789e2a97723:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Desertification EssayIn conclusion, the people and events that Huck contends with on his life journey, change his life and the ways he understands life. At the beginning of the book, Huck is a rowdy, young, southern boy who has very little respect for slaves or discipline, and thinks with the â€Å"immortality of youth.† By the end of the book, Huck respects humanity, black and white, because of his friendship with Jim; he upholds human life because of his brushes with death; he has an internalized set of moral values because he has seen the results of moral and immoral lifestyles; and he feels responsible for his behaviour whether or not it meshes with the mores of his milieu. He has matured significantly from the beginning to the end of the novel. Personal ResponseReading The Adventures of Hucklebery Finn has been a worthwhile experience. It introduced me to a more mature and complex writing style. Huck’s adventures and the diversity of the people he meets make for a captivating plot. However, the societal attitudes toward black slaves and the stereotyping of blacks as gullible, simple, and superstitious is bothersome. The book also plays up the stupidity and narrow-mindedness of the ‘civilized’ white people. Mark Twain’s humour is witty and intelligent. Overall I think the process was very effective. Surprisingly, I had some difficulty finding information on my book, but overall I found sufficient content. There was adequate time to complete the ISP. The class work periods were useful for accomplishing serious work. Overall I worked 28 hours and 10 minutes and my ISP contains 1310 words. Book Reports